HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT
MAJOR WORKS PROJECT MANAGEMENT OFFICE
(SPECIAL DUTIES)
Agreement No. CE 13/2010 (CE)
Hong Kong – Zhuhai – Macao Bridge
Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities
(Superstructures and Infrastructures) –
Design and Construction
Landscape and Visual Plan
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Certified by: |
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March 2022 |
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Calvin LEUNG Environmental Team Leader (ETL) |
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Verified by: |
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March 2022 |
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Brian TAM Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) |
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Table of Contents
2.1 Landscape and Visual Design Measures Considered
2.2 Landscape Design Considerations
3.1 Landscape and Visual Design Measures Adopted
4. MITIGATION MEASURES AND MAINTENANCE
4.1 Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures
4.2 Re-assessment of Residual Impacts
4.3 Maintenance and Management
List of Figures
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Contract Area |
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Master Landscape Plan (Level: Ground Level) |
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Master Landscape Plan (Level: First Floor) |
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Master Landscape Plan (Level: Top View) |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Viaduct Works |
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Typical Example of Roof Greening on Ancillary Building |
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Typical Arrangement of Vertical Greening |
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Typical Cross-sectional Plan of Proposed Landscape Berms |
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Planting Schedule |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Passenger Clearance Building (PCB) |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Ancillary Buildings |
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Stone Swathe Design on Landscape Area |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for HKBCF’s Architectural Design |
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Comparison of EIA Master Layout Plan and Current Master Layout Plan |
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Overall View of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities |
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Visually Sensitive Receiver Plan |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 19 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 20 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 21 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 22 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 23 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 24 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 25 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 26 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 27 (Sheet 1 of 2) |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 27 (Sheet 2 of 2) |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 28 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 29 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 30 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 31 |
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Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for VSR 32 |
List of Tables
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Summary of Mitigation Measures for Construction and Operation Phases |
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Landscape Works Schedule of Management and Maintenance Responsibilities |
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Hard Landscape Maintenance Principles |
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Hard Landscape Maintenance Schedule |
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Soft Landscape Maintenance Principles |
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Soft Landscape Maintenance Schedule
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List of Appendices
Appendix A Contract Division and Scope of Works for Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities
Appendix B1 Certification Letter from the Environmental Team Leader (ETL)
Appendix B2 Verification Letter from the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC)
Appendix C1 Hong Kong International Airport Approved Plant Species List (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015)
Appendix C2 Hong Kong International Airport Approved Plant Species List (Revision 5.0: January 2018)
Appendix D Certification Letter of Landscape Mitigation Measure G9 dated 21 May 2018 Issued by the Environmental Team Leader for Contract No. HY/2010/02 HZMB HKBCF – Reclamation Works
Appendix E Approval Letter of Tree Removal Application and Tree Schedule
Appendix F Implementation Schedule of Landscape and Visual Design and Mitigation Measures
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.1.1 The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and the Environmental Monitoring and Audit (EM&A) Manual (Register No. AEIAR-145/2009) was presented together for the Hong Kong – Zhuhai – Macao Bridge (HZMB) Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HKBCF) and Hong Kong Link Road (HKLR) as they are closely interrelated. The EIA Report for the HZMB HKBCF was approved in 2009.
1.1.2 The Environmental Permit (EP) for HKBCF (EP No. EP-353/2009) was granted to the Permit Holder (Highways Department of HKSAR Government) in 2009, with a few subsequent variations of Environmental Permits (VEPs). The latest version of the EP is EP No. EP-353/2009/K. HKLR is under a separate EP No. EP-352/2009/D and a Further EP No. FEP-01/352/2009/D.
1.1.3 As stipulated in Condition 2.9 of EP No. EP-353/2009/K, “The Permit Holder shall deposit with the Director, at least 1 month before the commencement of construction of relevant part of the Project, three hard copies and one electronic copy of a landscape and visual plan incorporating aesthetic architectural design on buildings structures and related infrastructure of the Project, streetscape elements, planting proposals and other measures including night-time lighting control”.
1.1.4 For the HKBCF, there are eight contracts with five of them, namely Contract nos. HY/2013/01 (C1), HY/2013/02 (C2), HY/2013/03 (C3), HY/2013/04 (C4) and HY/2014/05 (C8), comprising landscape works. The extent of each of the five contracts is shown in Figure 1.1 for reference. A brief scope of works and the respective Environmental Team Leaders (ETLs) and Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) for these five relevant contracts are tabulated in Appendix A. In addition, to complete any outstanding works of the eight contracts, a ninth contract, i,e, Contract no. HY/2019/01 (C9), has been awarded in 2019. This Contract C9 includes the outstanding landscape works of C4 Contract.
1.1.5 To fulfill Condition 2.9 of the EP, five separate Landscape and Visual Plans have been prepared, certified by the relevant Environmental Team Leaders (ETLs), verified by the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC), and submitted to the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) at least 1 month before the commencement of construction of relevant parts of these five contracts.
1.1.6 This Landscape and Visual Plan (hereinafter referred to as “this LVP”), which consolidates the information as presented in the five Landscape and Visual Plans for individual contracts, is prepared in response to the comments from the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP). More importantly, as requested by the DEP, one consolidated Landscape and Visual Plan covering the entire HKBCF project site to demonstrate the holistic design approach for the HKBCF should be prepared for ease of review. Hence, this LVP supersedes the five previously submitted Landscape and Visual Plans for individual contracts, and serves as a consolidated version in which all the relevant contracts of the HKBCF are covered and included. This LVP has been certified by the ETL (see Appendix B1) and verified by the IEC (see Appendix B2).
1.1.7 The LVP had been previously submitted and approved by the DEP in October 2018. Subsequent to the approval in October 2018, update was required due to the Designated Project “Intermodal Transfer Terminal - Bonded Vehicular Bridge and Associated Roads” (hereinafter referred to as “the ITT-BVB Project”) initiated by Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) on HKBCF island. The approved EIA Report of the ITT-BVB Project (Register No.: AEIAR-216/2018) indicates that part of the areas on HKBCF (within the area of Contract no. HY/2013/02 (C2)) would be taken up by AAHK for the ITT-BVB Project (see Figure 1.1). Hence, the landscape and visual mitigation measures implemented under HKBCF Contracts in this area (including 190 nos. of trees to be planted by the future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) within C2 Contract boundary) would be superseded by the ITT-BVB Project. All the landscape and visual mitigation measures for this affected area would be fully covered by AAHK’s upcoming works as stipulated in their approved EIA Report (Register No.: AEIAR-216/2018) and EP (No. EP-560/2018). Hence, this affected area, which is shown in Figure 1.1, was excluded from HKBCF’s EP (No. EP-353/2009/K) and the subsequently revised LVP as agreed with the DEP, and the total no. of trees on HKBCF was reduced from 1,712 nos. as shown in the LVP approved in October 2018 to 1,712 – 190 = 1,522 nos. as shown in the revised LVP which had been further approved by the DEP in May 2020.
1.1.8 In the revised LVP approved in May 2020, the proposed temporary landscape treatment of an area near the southeastern corner of HKBCF (within the area of Contract no. HY/2013/04 (C4)), which was originally proposed to be covered by gravel as a temporary measure before further development is confirmed and implemented, had been changed to hydroseeding (see Figure 1.1) to be implemented by the future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9). Also, trees originally proposed to be planted by other projects on HKBCF as shown in the LVP approved in October 2018 would be planted by the future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) with a few newly proposed tree species, namely Brassaia actinophylla, Grevillea banksii, Heteropanax fragrans and Plumeria rubra (see Figure 3.6).
1.1.9 Subsequent to the approval of the revised LVP in May 2020, further update is required in this LVP due to the Designated Project “Airport City Link” (hereinafter referred to as “ACL”) and “HZMB HKBCF - Inbound Carpark A (Phase 1) and Inbound Carpark B (Phase 1)” (hereinafter referred to as “ICPs”) initiated by AAHK on HKBCF island. Part of the areas on HKBCF (within the areas of Contract nos. HY/2013/01 (C1), HY/2013/02 (C2) and HY/2013/03 (C3) ) will be taken up by AAHK for the ACL project and ICPs project (see Figure 1.1). Hence, the landscape and visual mitigation measures implemented under HKBCF Contracts in these areas will be superseded by the ACL project and ICPs project. For ACL project area, about 62 nos. of trees (including 6 trees already planted and 56 trees to be planted) will be superseded and excluded in this LVP. For ICPs project areas, about 151 nos. of trees (including 41 trees already planted and 110 trees to be planted) will be superseded and excluded in this LVP. All the landscape and visual mitigation measures for these affected areas will be fully covered by AAHK’s upcoming works as stipulated in their Project Profile (Register No.: PP-606/2020) and EP (EP No.: EP-581/2020) for ACL project and the further EP (FEP no.: FEP-02/353/2009/K) for ICPs project under the approved EIA Report of HKBCF (Register No.: AEIAR-145/2009). Hence, these affected areas, which are shown in Figure 1.1, will be excluded from HKBCF’s EP (No. EP-353/2009/K) and this updated LVP as agreed with the DEP, and the total no. of trees in this LVP will be reduced from 1,522 nos. as shown in the approved LVP in May 2020 to 1,522 - 62 - 151 = 1,309 nos. as shown in this updated LVP. However, change in the total nos. of trees on HKBCF Island is not anticipated as AAHK confirmed to plant / transplant the 213 nos. of affected trees within the HKBCF Island. Re-assessment on the residual impacts with the latest changes are detailed in Paragraphs 4.2.5 and 4.2.6 in this LVP.
1.2 Project Description
1.2.1 While the HKBCF reclamation works are under a separate design and construction consultancy, the HKBCF superstructure and infrastructure works under the Project comprise the following provisions:
(a) Facilities including processing kiosks and examination facilities for private cars and coaches, a Passenger Clearance Building (PCB), annexure for examination of accompanying passengers of private cars, etc.;
(b) Roads connecting HKBCF to HKLR, Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL) and the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA), except the part of road works in HKIA entrusted to the HKLR project;
(c) A Vehicular Clearance Plaza (VCP) for vehicles and other associated ancillary buildings including kiosks for clearance of goods vehicles, customs inspection platforms, X-ray buildings, etc.;
(d) Accommodation / offices for and facilities (like fire station, police station, buildings for Immigration Department, Customs and Excise Department, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Department of Health, etc.) of the Government departments providing services in connection with the HKBCF;
(e) Transport and miscellaneous facilities inside the HKBCF including public transport interchange (PTI), transport drop-off and pick-up areas, vehicle holding areas, passenger queuing areas, road networks, footbridges, fencing, sewerage and drainage systems, sewage treatment plant and treated effluent disposal facilities, water supply system including pump stations, utilities, electrical and mechanical systems, building services works, electronic system, and traffic control and information system including traffic control and surveillance system (TCSS), etc.; and;
(f) TCSS under sub-clauses (d) and (e) above excepting the civil works provision and power supply for the part of road works in HKIA entrusted to the HKLR project.
1.2.2 Landscape works under the Project include the following:
(a) Construction of landscape hardworks, including
• Pedestrian paving
• Stone swathe
• Pond and bio-swale
(b) Construction of landscape softworks, including
• Tree planting
• Shrub planting
• Groundcover planting
• Turfing
• Hydroseeding
• Roof greening
• Vertical greening
1.3 Purpose and Scope
1.3.1 This LVP for the HKBCF aims to demonstrate, as a whole, the landscape and visual design and mitigation measures adopted in the detailed design stage, construction phase and operation phase with reference to Section 14 – Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) of the approved EIA Report and EM&A Manual. Design measures developed during the detailed design stage to remedy and compensate unavoidable impacts in accordance with the approved EIA Report will be discussed in the subsequent sections of this LVP.
2.
DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
2.1 Landscape and Visual Design Measures Considered
2.1.1 In Section 14.3.3.2 of the approved EIA Report and Section 14.2.4 of the EM&A Manual, design measures are proposed as landscape and visual mitigation measures during detailed design stage. These mitigation measures are considered and will be adopted during construction as far as practicable.
2.1.2 Some of these design measures are applicable to HZMB HKLR but not HKBCF. Relevance of these design measures to the Project will be discussed in Section 3.
2.1.3 The design measures as extracted from Section 14.3.3.2 of the approved EIA Report are listed below for easy reference.
• Roadside planting and planting along the edge of the reclamation is proposed;
• Transplanting of mature trees in good health and amenity value where appropriate and reinstatement of areas disturbed during construction by compensatory hydro-seeding and planting;
• Protection measures for the trees to be retained during construction activities;
• Optimizing the sizes and spacings of the bridge columns;
• Fine-tuning the location of the bridge columns to avoid visually-sensitive locations;
• Aesthetic design of the bridge form and its structural elements for HKLR, e.g. parapet, Soffit, columns, lightings and so on;
• Considering the decorative urban design elements for HKLR, e.g. decorative road lightings;
• Maximizing new tree, shrub and other vegetation planting to compensate tree felled and vegetation removed;
• Providing planting area around peripheral of HKLR and HKBCF for tree planting screening effect;
• Providing salt-tolerant native trees along the planter strip at affected seawall and newly reclaimed coastline;
• For HKBCF, providing aesthetic architectural design on the related buildings (e.g. similar materials for PCB building facade to Airport buildings, roof planting and subtle materials for other facilities buildings and so on), and the related infrastructure (e.g. parapet planting and transparent cover for elevated footbridges) to provide harmonic atmosphere of the HKBCF;
• Fine-tuning the sizes of the structural members to minimize the bulkiness of buildings and adjustment of building arrangement to minimise disturbance to surrounding vegetation in the HKBCF; and
• For HKLR, providing aesthetic design on the viaduct, tunnel portals, at-grade roads and reclamation (e.g. subtle colour tone and slim form for viaduct to minimize the bulkiness of the structure and to blend the viaduct better with the background environment, featured form of tunnel portals, roadside planting along at-grade roads and landscape berm on & planting along edge of reclamation area) to beautify the HKLR alignment.
2.2 Landscape Design Considerations
2.2.1 HKBCF is located very close to the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) and underneath the air-flight route. In this connection, all landscape planting proposed have to adhere to the HKIA Approved Plant Species List (APSL) (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015) (see Appendix C1). For the works contract(s) of HKBCF awarded after 2018, all planting proposed follows the latest HKIA APSL (Revision 5.0: January 2018) (see Appendix C2).
2.2.2 According to the zoning plan of the Airport Island presented as Figure 1 in the HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015), the works areas of the Project fall within Zone 1 and Zone 2. HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015) is appended as Appendix C1 and the relevant restrictions on planting design in Zone 1 and Zone 2 are extracted below for easy reference.
• Zone 1
Only grass and ground cover of less than 200mm in height; climbers that do not produce fleshy fruit and should be planted in areas not exceeding 25m2 and regularly pruned shrubs that do not produce fleshy fruit and are of less than 1.5m in height and 25m2 in area size are allowed.
• Zone 2
Climbers, palms, cycad, trees or shrubs are acceptable only if they do not produce fleshy fruit. As a precautionary measure, height restriction of newly planted palms, cycad and tree is normally 5-10m, and trees that could produce a spreading crown and/or develop into a tall structure should be avoided. Hence, selection of small trees is preferred as a long-term management and maintenance approach. For all existing, planted palms, cycad and trees, their suitability and horticultural maintenance practice will be regularly reviewed by AAHK, and will be monitored for bird activities and potential hazard to aircraft by AA’s Wildlife Hazard Consultant. Given that the mature size of certain existing tree species (such as Casuarina equisetifolia and Delonix regia) is up to 10-15m, close monitoring on their bird attractiveness of these particular trees would be carried out. Height restriction of existing and newly-planted shrubs is 1.5m.
For initial planting, palm / cycad / ravenala / bamboo / trees should be in groups of 50 individuals or fewer. The area of each tree group should not exceed 150m2, and shrubs / climbers should be planted in areas of no more than 500m2. Routine horticultural maintenance should be carried out to maintain vegetation groups of smaller sizes as far as practical.
For all existing, planted palm / cycad / ravenala bamboo / trees as well as shrubs are monitored by AA’s Wildlife Hazard Consultant for usage by birds, and by AAHK. The planted area can be no more than 500 m2 for palm / cycad / ravenala / bamboo / trees and 1,000m2 for shrubs / climbers. The linear segregation for adjacent groups of palms / cycad / ravenala / bamboo / trees / shrubs should be at least 50m; however, this segregation restriction can be relaxed if the plantation is assessed as not creating significant or hazardous attraction to birds by AA’s Wildlife Hazard Consultant.
Spread of tree crowns should be pruned to less than 3m for initial planting, and 6m for mature plants on the condition that the tree species does not produce fleshy fruits and that bird usage is monitored by AA’s Wildlife Hazard Consultant.
2.2.3 Basically, Zone 1 is a no tree zone. Within Zone 2, other than the tree planting restrictions stipulated in HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015), the following also pose constraints on tree planting and landscape treatment on the HKBCF:
• Public Lighting Design Manual (PLDM) (2nd Edition: September 2006)
As stipulated in PLDM (2nd Edition: September 2006), “trees shall be planted 5m away from the lighting columns”. Hence, there is a no tree zone with a 5m radius at each of the public lighting column on the HKBCF
• Areas Reserved for Future Development
There are a few areas on the HKBCF which are reserved for potential future development as shown in Figure 3.1a. Tree planting is not recommended in these areas because trees are anticipated to be removed in these areas in the near future to cater for future development.
• Areas under Shade
Areas under shade are not suitable for tree planting as the environment is not favourable for healthy development of trees. Such areas include places under the canopy cover of various building structures and under viaducts.
• Systematic Identification of Maintenance Responsibility (SIMAR) Slopes
Trees are not recommended on SIMAR slopes because the SIMAR slopes are on the embankments of viaducts. Trees may affect the sightline of road / viaduct traffic. Also, tree failure on these SIMAR slopes may pose safety hazard to road users.
• Hard-paved Areas
Tree planting is not feasible in hard-paved areas reserved for road traffic access.
• Underground Utilities and Structures
Reasonable amount of land area is reserved for accommodation of underground public utilities and under structures. Tree planting in these areas are undesirable because trees may obstruct the necessary maintenance works of underground utilities and structures.
2.2.4 Other than the constraints on planting, the large scale of the Project also poses a challenge to the landscape design. To minimize potential landscape and visual impact, other than maximizing greening opportunities, aesthetic architectural design on all above-ground structures to provide a harmonized effect on HKBCF and the adjacent Airport Island is therefore also a key design consideration.
3.
ADOPTED
DESIGN MEASURES
3.1 Landscape and Visual Design Measures Adopted
3.1.1 During the detailed design stage, the proposed landscape and visual design measures in Section 14.3.3.2 of the approved EIA Report and Section 14.2.4 of the EM&A Manual are considered. They are proposed and adopted as far as practicable. The following sections summarize the development of relevant design measures relevant to the Project as recommended in the approved EIA Report and EM&A Manual.
3.1.2 Roadside planting and planting along the edge of the reclamation is proposed
Roadside planting and planting along the edge of the reclamation is proposed where feasible as shown in the Master Landscape Plan in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c.
3.1.3 Transplanting of mature trees in good health and amenity value where appropriate and reinstatement of areas disturbed during construction by compensatory hydro-seeding and planting
Not applicable to the Project. The entire works area of the Project is on newly reclaimed land with no existing trees (see Figure 3.1a) except for a small area on the existing Airport Island where no mature tree in good health and amenity value is identified. Hence, transplantation of mature trees is not relevant to the Project. For the disturbed areas on the existing Airport Island, they will be reinstated to their former state with hydroseeding and planting up to the satisfaction of Airport Authority, the future maintenance agent of the reinstated areas.
3.1.4 Protection measures for the trees to be retained during construction activities
Not applicable to the Project. The entire works area of the Project is on newly reclaimed land with no existing trees to be retained (see Figure 1.1) except for a small area on the existing Airport Island where the proposed works are far from any existing trees to be retained. Protection of retained trees during construction is therefore not relevant to the Project.
3.1.5 Optimizing the sizes and spacings of the bridge columns”
The sizes of the bridge columns have been minimized to reduce the bulkiness of the structure. Spacing of the bridge columns has also adopted an evenly distributed spacing of 40m to 50m so that the structure would be aesthetically more pleasing. The optimal balance between the size and spacing of the bridge columns is achieved to blend in with the surrounding environment and other built aesthetics. Figure 3.2 shows the optimized size and spacing of bridge columns.
3.1.6 Fine-tuning the location of the bridge columns to avoid visually-sensitive locations
The locations of the bridge columns have been designed in the same aligned north and south axis, creating a limited and shorter elevations perceived from the visually sensitive receivers (VSRs) at Airport Island, Tung Chung and North Lantau Island. In addition, locations of the bridge columns are fine-tuned to avoid the columns becoming a prominent part of the views of at-grade road users. Figure 3.2 provides examples illustrating how the locations of the bridge columns are optimized to minimize potential visual impact.
3.1.7 Aesthetic design of the bridge form and its structural elements for HKLR, e.g. parapet, soffit, columns, lightings and so on
Not applicable to the Project. This design measure is applicable to HKLR, not HKBCF, hence not relevant to the Project.
3.1.8 Considering the decorative urban design elements for HKLR, e.g. decorative road lightings
Not applicable to the Project. This design measure is applicable to HKLR, not HKBCF, hence not relevant to the Project.
3.1.9 Maximizing new tree, shrub and other vegetation planting to compensate tree felled and vegetation removed
In the overall landscape design of the HKBCF Island, greening opportunities have been maximized as shown in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c, with proposed tree (about 1,309 nos., including 21 nos. of compensatory trees for trees felled on existing Airport Island), shrub and groundcover planting (see Figure 3.6) covering almost all the land area without permanent hard structures where feasible. Also, roof greening (see Figures 3.1a to 3.1c and 3.3) and vertical greening (see Figures 3.4) are adopted where feasible to provide additional greening.
3.1.10 Providing planting area around peripheral of HKLR and HKBCF for tree planting screening effect
Tree planting is proposed along the northern and western edge, as well as the south-eastern corner of HKBCF Island (see Figures 3.1a to 3.1c) to give a screening effect in accordance with the planting restrictions in Zone 2 of HKIA as stipulated in HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015). Tree planting is not proposed along the connection between the Airport Island and HKBCF and the western half of the southern periphery of the HKBCF because these areas are within Zone 1 of HKIA where no tree planting is allowed. Alternatively, landscape berms are proposed to provide screening effect adjacent to viaduct structures (see Figure 3.5) and to enhance the landscape and visual interest of the relatively flat landscape on the HKBCF, even though landscape berms are not included in any of the relevant landscape and visual mitigation measures recommended in the approved EIA Report.
3.1.11 Providing salt-tolerant native trees along the planter strip at affected seawall and newly reclaimed coastline
Salt-tolerant native tree Thespesia populnea (恒春黃槿) is included in the planting proposal (see Figure 3.6) for tree planting along the newly reclaimed coastline.
3.1.12 For HKBCF, providing aesthetic architectural design on the related buildings (e.g. similar materials for PCB building facade to Airport buildings, roof planting and subtle materials for other facilities buildings and so on), and the related infrastructure (e.g. parapet planting and transparent cover for elevated footbridges) to provide harmonic atmosphere of the HKBCF
For aesthetic architectural design on the PCB, the design of the roof has adopted a sinuous and organic form that echoes the surrounding sea and the nearby Airport as shown in Figure 3.7. The use of glass for facade and balustrade similar to Airport buildings is also shown in Figure 3.7. It optimizes the natural daylight and expansiveness of space. The design language adopted is similar to that of the current Hong Kong International Airport which can promote a unique building cluster around the airport areas to provide harmonic atmosphere of the HKBCF. For aesthetic architectural design on other related buildings, a modern and contemporary design using simple outlines and subtle materials with light colour tones is adopted and illustrated in Figure 3.8. Such architectural design on ancillary buildings and facilities provide a harmonic atmosphere in the HKBCF. Roof planting are also proposed where feasible on related buildings as shown in the Master Landscape Plan in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c.
3.1.13 To harmonize the atmosphere of the HKBCF, aesthetic architectural design on infrastructures, such as roadside planting and planting along embankments of elevated roads, is incorporated into the overall design as illustrated in Figure 3.2. Design of stone swathe is also included as shown in Figure 3.9. Parapet planting is not adopted because due to the abundance of at-grade soft landscape, it would be incongruous and out of keeping with the overall aesthetics of HKBCF if landscaping is repeated in the form of parapet planters slung to the sides of the concrete viaducts which would increase the bulkiness of the viaducts.
3.1.14 Fine-tuning the sizes of the structural members to minimize the bulkiness of buildings and adjustment of building arrangement to minimise disturbance to surrounding vegetation in the HKBCF
A slender form of the structural members has been adopted to minimize the bulkiness of buildings which is applied to the PCB as shown in Figure 3.10. The ‘Tree’-shaped tree columns with a careful design steel reduces the weight and depth of the solid structure and allows for light to flow in. More importantly, it offers a more spacious feeling for the users as total nos. of columns are reduced. Optimization of building arrangement is demonstrated in Figure 3.11 where the general layout in the EIA stage and the adopted layout are shown for comparison. The layout and bulkiness of buildings have been minimized in the adopted layout to allow more spacious greening which is illustrated in Figure 3.12.
3.1.15 For HKLR, providing aesthetic design on the viaduct, tunnel portals, at-grade roads and reclamation (e.g. subtle colour tone and slim form for viaduct to minimize the bulkiness of the structure and to blend the viaduct better with the background environment, featured form of tunnel portals, roadside planting along at-grade roads and landscape berm on & planting along edge of reclamation area) to beautify the HKLR alignment
Not applicable to the Project. This design measure is applicable to HKLR, not HKBCF, hence not relevant to the Project.
4.
MITIGATION
MEASURES AND MAINTENANCE
4.1 Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures
4.1.1 In Section 14.3.3.3 of the approved EIA Report and Section 14.2.5 of the EM&A Manual, landscape and visual mitigation measures are proposed for construction and operation phases. These mitigation measures are considered and will be adopted during construction and operation as far as practicable.
4.1.2 In the approved EIA Report, 14 out of 32 identified Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs), namely VSR19 to VSR32, are relevant to HKBCF (see Figure 4.1). Hence, only photomontages with mitigation measures targeted for these 14 VSRs are shown in Figures 4.2 to 4.15.
4.1.3 Implementation details of mitigation measures under the Project are summarized in Table 4.1. The contractors of the relevant contracts as shown in Table 4.1 will be responsible for the implementation of the respective mitigation measures, including the landscape construction works and the maintenance during the establishment period. Appendix F shows the implementation schedule of all landscape and visual design and mitigation measures.
Table 4.1 Summary of Mitigation Measures for Construction and Operation Phases
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Mitigation Code |
Mitigation Measure as Extracted from Section 14.3.3.3 of the Approved EIA Report |
Implementation Detail of Mitigation Measure under the Project |
Relevant Contract(s) |
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Construction Phase |
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G1 |
Grass-hydroseed bare soil surface and stock pile areas. |
Whenever bare soil surface and stock pile areas are expected to be left unoccupied and exposed for reasonably long periods of time, which allows the establishment of hydroseeded grass, these areas are grass-hydroseeded. For example, temporary grass-hydroseeding is applied at the bare soil surface of SIMAR slopes to protect the soil surface before shrub and groundcover planting commences. Areas of bare soil surface reserved for future development, which are expected to be unoccupied for years, are also grass-hydroseeded. |
C2, C3, C4 |
|
G2 |
Add planting strip and automatic irrigation system if appropriate at some portions of bridge or footbridge to screen bridge and traffic. |
This mitigation measure is implemented along some portions of viaducts, but not footbridges.
There are totally 8 nos. of pedestrian footbridges (connecting to the PCB) under the Project. They are designed with a contemporary approach with all glass balustrades resting on the light metal base. It matches with the design language used for the PCB and its transparency would allow pedestrians to appreciate the surrounding environment, including the landscape background, when they are using these footbridges. In order to keep the concept of transparency for this new footbridge design, planting on these footbridges is not recommended, but the concept of gaining greening from the transparent balustrades can still be achieved. The proposed design has been endorsed and approved in the ACABAS submission on 17 July 2012. In this connection, no planting strip to these footbridges would be incorporated (See Figure 3.7).
For viaducts, an optimal solution in terms of minimizing visual impact is developed through the use of patterned parapets to provide visual interest, and greening at the embankments (as recommended under G2) which will soften the hard structures and blend in with the at-grade soft landscape distributed amongst the road network (See Figure 3.2). Due to the abundance of at-grade soft landscape, it would be incongruous and out of keeping with the overall aesthetics of HKBCF if landscaping is repeated in the form of planters slung to all sides of the concrete viaducts which would increase the bulkiness of the viaducts. It is therefore inappropriate to add planting strip and automatic irrigation system at all portions of the bridges to be constructed under the Project, and greening along viaducts are limited to the embankments. |
C1, C2, C3, C4 |
|
G3 |
For HKLR, providing aesthetic design on the viaduct, tunnel portals, at-grade roads and reclamation (e.g. subtle colour tone and slim form for viaduct, aesthetic design of the bridge form and its structural elements including the parapet, soffit, columns and so on and decorative urban design elements and lightings for the HKLR; featured form of tunnel portals, roadside planting along at-grade roads and landscape berm on & planting along edge of reclamation area) to beautify the HKLR alignment |
Not applicable to the Project. This mitigation measure is applicable to HKLR, not HKBCF, hence not relevant to the Project. |
- |
|
G4 |
For HKBCF, providing aesthetic architectural design on the related buildings (e.g. similar materials for PCB building façade to Airport buildings, roof planting and subtle materials for other facilities buildings and so on), and the related infrastructure (e.g. parapet planting and transparent cover for elevated footbridges) to provide harmonic atmosphere of the HKBCF. |
For aesthetic architectural design on the PCB, the design of the roof has adopted a sinuous and organic form that echoes the surrounding sea and the nearby Airport as shown in Figure 3.7. The use of glass for facade and balustrade similar to Airport buildings is also shown in Figure 3.7. It optimizes the natural daylight and expansiveness of space. The design language adopted is similar to that of the current Hong Kong International Airport which can promote a unique building cluster around the airport areas to provide harmonic atmosphere of the HKBCF.
For aesthetic architectural design on other related buildings, a modern and contemporary design using simple outlines and subtle materials with light colour tones is adopted and illustrated in Figure 3.8. Such architectural design on ancillary buildings and facilities provide a harmonic atmosphere in the HKBCF. Roof planting are also proposed where feasible on related buildings as shown in the Master Landscape Plan in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c.
To harmonize the atmosphere of the HKBCF, aesthetic architectural design on infrastructures, such as roadside planting and planting along embankments of elevated roads, is incorporated into the overall design as illustrated in Figure 3.2. Design of stone swathe is also included as shown in Figure 3.9. Parapet planting is not adopted because due to the abundance of at-grade soft landscape, it would be incongruous and out of keeping with the overall aesthetics of HKBCF if landscaping is repeated in the form of parapet planters slung to the sides of the concrete viaducts which would increase the bulkiness of the viaducts. |
C1, C2, C3, C4, C8 |
|
G5 |
Vegetation reinstatement and upgrading to disturbed areas. |
The entire works area of the Project is on newly reclaimed land except for a small area on the existing Airport Island (see Figure 3.1a). The disturbed areas on the existing Airport Island will be reinstated to their former state with hydroseeding and planting up to the satisfaction of Airport Authority, the future maintenance agent of the reinstated areas. There are 10 nos. of deformed self-seeded trees within this small area on the existing Airport Island which need to be removed for the construction of the Project (see Appendix E). The felling of these trees would be compensated by planting 21 nos. of trees on the HKBCF to fully compensate the loss of trees in terms of aggregated girth. |
C2 |
|
G6 |
Maximize new tree, shrub and other vegetation planting to compensate tree felled and vegetation removed. |
In the overall landscape design of the HKBCF Island, greening opportunities have been maximized as shown in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c, with proposed tree (about 1,309 nos., including 21 nos. of compensatory trees for trees felled on existing Airport Island), shrub and groundcover planting (see Figure 3.6) covering almost all the land area without permanent hard structures where feasible. Also, roof greening (see Figures 3.1a to 3.1c and 3.3) and vertical greening (see Figure 3.4) are adopted where feasible to provide additional greening. |
C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, Future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) |
|
G7 |
Provide planting area around peripheral of and within HKBCF and HKLR for tree screening buffer effect. |
In accordance with the restrictions in the HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015), no tree is proposed in Zone 1. Tree planting are maximized on the northern, western and south-eastern periphery of as well as within the HKBCF in Zone 2 for tree screening effect as shown in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c.
The proposed no. of trees in each tree group, and the minimum segregation between adjacent tree groups strictly follow the restrictions as stipulated in the HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1) (see Appendix C1). All tree species proposed on the HKBCF are selected from the HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015) and HKIA APSL (Revision 5.0) (see Appendix C2). |
C1, C2, C3, |
|
G8 |
Plant salt tolerant native tree and shrubs etc along the planter strip at affected seawall. |
Salt-tolerant native tree Thespesia populnea (恒春黃槿) is included in the planting proposal for tree planting along the newly reclaimed coastline.
For native shrubs, Ixora chinensis (龍船花) and Rhododendron simsii (紅杜鵑) are included in the planting proposal along the planter strip at the seawall. |
Future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) |
|
G9 |
Reserve of loose natural granite rocks for re-use. Provide new coastline to adopt “natural-look” by means of using armour rocks in the form of natural rock materials and planting strip area accommodating screen buffer to enhance “natural-look” of the new coastline. |
The new seawall is constructed with armour rocks in the form of natural rock material to create a “natural-look” to the new coastline under a separate design and construction consultancy for the HKBCF reclamation works (Appendix D refers).
Planting strip along the new coastline to accommodate screen buffer and enhance the “natural-look” is proposed as shown in Figures 3.1a to 3.1c and 3.2. |
C2, C3, C4,Future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) |
|
V1 |
Minimize time for construction activities during construction period. |
The progress of construction works will be closely monitored to ensure that the time for construction activities is minimized during construction period. |
C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, Future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) |
|
V2 |
Provide screen hoarding at the portion of the project site / works areas / storage areas near VSRs who have close low-level views to the Project during HKLR & HKBCF construction. |
Not applicable to the Project. Since the entire HKBCF island is located far (>500m) from the VSRs who have low-level views to the Project, hoarding is therefore considered unnecessary. Even for the most concerned VSR31 with low-level views, who is located approximately 500m from the Project, hoarding (normally 2m in height) would have very limited screening effect. |
- |
|
Operation Phase |
|||
|
G10 |
Provide proper planting maintenance on the new planting areas to enhance the aesthetic degree. |
Planting maintenance such as watering, fertilizing, weeding, pruning and mowing etc. will begin immediately after planting. Table 4.5 and Table 4.6 show the planting maintenance principle and schedule. |
C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, Future Contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) |
|
V3 |
Lighting design to minimize glare at night. Decorative road lighting to be considered during detailed design stage. |
Decorative road lighting has been considered during the detailed design stage. However, to minimize glare at night and avoid any unnecessary light spill to nearby VSRs (e.g. those on Airport Island and residents at Tung Chung and north Lantau), only minimum functional lighting will be provided for safety and all directional lighting will be facing towards, instead of away from, the HKBCF. |
C1, C2, C3, C4, C8 |
4.2 Re-assessment of Residual Impacts
4.2.1 As stated in Paragraphs 1.1.7, 1.1.8 and 1.1.9, subsequent to the approval of this LVP in October 2018 and May 2020, updates which affect the implementation of the landscape and visual mitigation measures on HKBCF are required to be incorporated in this updated LVP. Re-assessment on the residual impacts with the latest changes are detailed in the following paragraphs.
4.2.2 Exclusion of ITT-BVB Project Area (see Paragraph 1.1.7)
In the approved EIA Report of the ITT-BVB project (Register No.: AEIAR-216/2018), the potential landscape and visual impact on HKBCF was assessed and mitigation measures were proposed to mitigate the potential impacts to acceptable level. Also, as stipulated in Condition 2.8 of the EP for ITT-BVB project (EP No. EP-560/2018), a Landscape and Visual Plan will be prepared and submitted by the Permit Holder (i.e. AAHK) with implementation details of landscape and visual mitigation measures. Hence, any potential landscape and visual impact on HKBCF due to implementation of the ITT-BVB project will be mitigated to acceptable level and will not have unacceptable impact on the landscape and visual mitigation measures implemented by HKBCF.
4.2.3 Replacement of gravel by hydroseeding (see Paragraph 1.1.8)
An area originally proposed to be covered by gravel as a temporary measure before further development is confirmed and implemented (as stated in the approved LVP) is now proposed to be hydroseeded (as stated in Paragraph 1.1.8) (refer to Figure 1.1). This is a landscape improvement measure and have a positive effect on the landscape of HKBCF.
4.2.4 No tree planting by other projects on HKBCF (see Paragraph 1.1.8)
Tree planting originally planned to be implemented by contractors of other projects (as stated in the approved LVP) will be implemented by the future contractor of C4 landscape works (i.e. Contractor of C9) (as stated in Paragraph 1.1.8). In other words, the implementation agent of some of the tree planting is proposed to be changed, but not the quantity (except about 190 nos. affected by the ITT-BVB Project, 62 nos. affected by the ACL Project and 151 nos. affected by the ICPs Project). Hence, change in the effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures is not anticipated with proposed change of implementation agent.
4.2.5 Exclusion of ACL Project Area (see Paragraph 1.1.9)
In the Project Profile (Register No.: PP-606/2020) permitted to apply directly for environmental permit for ACL project, the potential landscape and visual impact on ACL was assessed and mitigation measures were proposed to mitigate the potential impacts to acceptable level. Also, as stipulated in Condition 2.6 of the EP for ACL project (EP No.: EP-581/2020), a Landscape and Visual Plan will be prepared and submitted by the Permit Holder (i.e. AAHK) with implementation details of landscape and visual mitigation measures. Hence, any potential landscape and visual impact on HKBCF due to implementation of the ACL project will be mitigated to acceptable level and will not have unacceptable impact on the landscape and visual mitigation measures implemented by HKBCF.
About 62 nos. of trees affected in the ACL project location (including 6 trees already planted and 56 trees to be planted) will be planted / transplanted and maintained by the Permit Holder of EP No.: EP-581/2020. Details will be elaborated in the LVP for ACL project, and the 62 nos. of affected trees will be planted / transplanted within the HKBCF Island. Hence, change in the effectiveness of the proposed landscape and visual mitigation measures on HKBCF Island is not anticipated with the exclusion of ACL project area.
4.2.6 Exclusion of ICPs Project Areas (see Paragraph 1.1.9)
For ICPs project under the approved EIA Report of HKBCF (Register No.: AEIAR-145/2009), FEP (FEP no.: FEP-02/353/2009/K) has been granted to AAHK to implement part of the planting proposal within the project location. Under the Condition 2.4 of the FEP for ICPs project, a Landscape and Visual Plan will be prepared and submitted by the Permit Holder (i.e. AAHK) with implementation details of landscape and visual mitigation measures. Hence, any potential landscape and visual impact on HKBCF due to implementation of the ICPs project will be mitigated to acceptable level and will not have unacceptable impact on the landscape and visual mitigation measures implemented by HKBCF.
About 151 nos. of trees affected in the ICPs project location (including 41 trees already planted and 110 trees to be planted) will be planted / transplanted and maintained by the Permit Holder of FEP no.: FEP-02/353/2009/K. Details will be elaborated in the LVP for ICPs project, and the 151 nos. of affected trees will be planted / transplanted within the HKBCF Island. Hence, change in the effectiveness of the proposed landscape and visual mitigation measures on HKBCF Island is not anticipated with the exclusion of ICPs project areas.
4.2.7 In conclusion, the proposed amendments in this updated LVP to the LVP approved in May 2020 do not affect the effectiveness of the landscape and visual mitigation measures as listed in the approved LVP. The residual impact will remain acceptable with mitigation measures in this updated LVP.
4.3 Maintenance and Management
4.3.1 As specified in Section 14.2.10 of the EM&A Manual, “The planting works shall be monitored during the first 10 years of the operation phase of the Project.”
4.3.2 The Environmental Teams engaged by individual contractors of HKBCF will be responsible for the landscape and visual monitoring works as listed in the monitoring programme in Table 14.1 of the EM&A Manual during construction and the establishment period. The landscape and visual monitoring works shall make reference to this LVP once this LVP is endorsed by PlanD/ EPD. For reporting and submission on landscape and visual monitoring, for both construction and the establishment periods, the ETs of relevant HKBCF contracts will submit their reports to the IEC. All these reports shall be submitted to the Environmental Project Office (ENPO) for the HZMB HKLR, HZMB HKBCF and TM-CLKL for record.
4.3.3 After the establishment period, the monitoring of planting works in the remaining 9 years of the operation phase of the Project will be taken up by the HKBCF MOM contractor.
4.3.4 The schedule of management and maintenance responsibilities for landscape works is shown in Table 4.2 to identify the long-term management and maintenance responsibilities after the establishment period. Such arrangement has been included in the overall Management and Maintenance Schedule for the Project, which has been agreed by the Project proponent.
Table 4.2 Landscape Works Schedule of Management and Maintenance Responsibilities
|
Item |
Detailed Description |
Management Authority |
Maintenance Agent |
|
Hard Landscape |
|
|
|
|
1 |
Paving works |
HyD |
HyD |
|
2 |
Site furniture (benches and bins) |
IDMC of HK Port(1) |
HyD |
|
3 |
At-grade planters |
HyD |
HyD |
|
Soft Landscape |
|
|
|
|
1 |
At-grade planting works (trees, shrubs, groundcovers, turf and hydroseeding) |
IDMC of HK Port(1) |
HKBCF MOM Contractor (engaged by HyD) |
|
2 |
Roof Greening (RG) / Vertical Greening (VG) |
Respective User of Buildings |
HKBCF MOM Contractor (engaged by HyD) |
|
3 |
Planting on SIMAR slopes |
HyD |
HyD |
|
4 |
At-grade irrigation system |
IDMC of HK Port(1) |
HKBCF MOM Contractor (engaged by HyD) |
|
5 |
Irrigation system on RG |
Respective User of Buildings |
EMSTF/ArchSD(2) |
|
(1) “IDMC of HK Port” denotes Inter-departmental Management Committee of Hong Kong Port. (2) ArchSD is responsible for maintenance for the plumbing and drainage except the pump sets, if any; EMSTF is responsible for maintenance of the pump set if any. |
|||
4.3.5 A full Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Manual will be prepared describing in detail all routine and periodic maintenance inspections and operations to be carried out by the O&M agent and/or his contractors. Typical operations and scheduling are illustrated in Table 4.3 to Table 4.6.
Table 4.3 Hard Landscape Maintenance Principles
|
Irrigation |
|
|
Operation: |
Oversee system and adjust timers as required |
|
Adjust: |
Adjust valve water flow rates in field twice a year March and October |
|
Repair: |
Repair and replace fittings and pipework as required |
|
Lighting |
|
|
Repair: |
Fittings as required |
|
Replace: |
Replace bulbs as required |
|
Hard Paving |
|
|
Repair: |
Check and maintain all paving and repair as required |
|
Clear: |
Remove debris from drains twice a year and routinely check monthly and after storms |
|
Water Features |
|
|
Maintenance: |
Maintenance contract/ program should be arranged and agreed with a program to be prepared by Specialist Water Feature Contractor. Routine maintenance visits should be at least twice a year with additional maintenance visits as required. |
Table 4.4 Hard Landscape Maintenance Schedule
|
|
Month |
|||||||||||
|
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
|
Irrigation |
||||||||||||
|
Operation |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Adjust valves |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
Repair |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Lighting |
||||||||||||
|
Repair |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Replace |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Hard Paving |
||||||||||||
|
Repair |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Clear |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Water Features |
||||||||||||
|
Maintenance |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
Table 4.5 Soft Landscape Maintenance Principles
|
Planting |
|
|
Watering: |
Watering to all plants to ensure satisfactory growth and health (manual and automatic irrigation) |
|
Fertilizing: |
Twice yearly November and March with emphasis on March application |
|
Fungicide / Insecticide: |
Spray as necessary or 3 times a year with approved non-toxic pesticides |
|
Weeding: |
Use selective herbicide to reduce maintenance costs as required |
|
Securing: |
Adjust tree stakes, guys and ties as required for safety and avoid chaffing of bark |
|
Repairing: |
After exceptional weather conditions replace dead plants, repair damaged plants, bed in all plants that have blown over, firm up all other plants and immediately thereafter, remove dead plants and plant debris from the site |
|
Litter Removal: |
Remove all litter and debris |
|
Pruning Shrubs / GCs: |
Prune Shrubs and ground covers twice a year in March and November in accordance with HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015) or the latest revision of HKIA APSL for respective zones (i.e. Zone 1 or Zone 2) |
|
Pruning Trees: |
Prune trees/limb overhanging branches in accordance with HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015) or the latest revision of HKIA APSL for Zone 2, monthly and as required for safety to minimize usage by birds |
|
Mowing: |
Mow grass twice a year in March and October in accordance with HKIA APSL (Revision 4.0.1: October 2015) or the latest revision of HKIA APSL for respective zones (i.e. Zone 1 or Zone 2) |
|
Tree Risk Assessment: |
Undertake Tree Risk Assessment in accordance with the latest edition of Guidelines for Tree Risk Assessment and Management Arrangement promulgated by Greening, Landscape and Tree Management Section of Development Bureau |
Table 4.6 Soft Landscape Maintenance Schedule
|
|
Month |
|||||||||||
|
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
|
Watering * |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
|
Fertilizing |
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
· |
|
|
Fungicide / Insecticide |
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
|
· |
|
|
· |
|
Weeding |
|
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
|
· |
|
· |
|
Securing |
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
Repairing |
As required |
|||||||||||
|
Litter Removal |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
|
Pruning Shrubs / GCs |
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
· |
|
|
Pruning Trees |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
· |
|
Mowing |
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
|
|
· |
|
|
|
Tree Risk Assessment |
|
|
· |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Dot size denotes watering frequency, which will be higher in dry season and lower in wet season in general. Exact frequency of watering shall be adjusted from time to time as required to suit the site condition. |
||||||||||||
5.
SUMMARY